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ROS AN BUCCA AND THE CORNISH RITUAL YEAR

Gemma Gary

 
 

Here, in the Penwith region of Cornwall, we are very fortunate that the traditional Cornish ‘High Nights’ are marked with organised public observance (with yet more of these occasions undergoing revival as I write) giving us a healthy calendar of local events to attend in addition to our private seasonal rites and observances. Here also the very nature of the Penwith landscape illustrates vividly, for those who care to take notice, the transformations that the changing of the seasons bring and the cylcles of birth, growth, decline, death and rebirth. Particularly in my own present circumstance, living in a remote cottage tucked away on a Penwith farm, the cycle of land preparation, sowing, the gradual grown of the wheat crop, its slow turning from green to gold and its harvest, as well as the life and death dramas of animal and plant life cannot escape notice. This is a situation that brings home the realisation, to those who observe, that we are ourselves a part of these cycles, isolation and insulation from which brings many problems to many people via the ways of modern urban living. Here we are fortunate, blessed and thankful indeed.

 
Guldize
 
 

Guldize “the feast of ricks” is the Cornish ritual feast held in celebration of the successful completion and gathering in of the harvest.

The reaping of the harvest, with hooks or scythes, would in the past have been a very lengthy process of hard ‘back breaking’ work. To encourage labourers, the farmer would provide a good supper before the work of cutting the corn crop, binding it into ‘shocks’ to be arranged into ‘stooks’ to dry before being carried off to stack into ricks.

The binding of the last shock, which is the ‘neck’ is announced and celebrated with the old cry of  ‘I have’n!’ three times. In the past, these cries would have been heard eerily across the land as each farm announced its completion of the harvest.

The tradition of ‘Crying the Neck’ has been revived on a number of Cornish farms by the ‘Old Cornwall Societies’.

The words of the ritual, which are given in both English and Cornish, on many of these farms follow thus:

The Prayer given before Cutting the Neck:

“O God, who dost shower upon us the abundance of Thy Mercy, and cast upon the seed which we have sown in the ground, at one time the heat of the sun, at another the moisture of the rain, so that it should thrive and shoot forth and from it be grown finally the corn, the last ears of which are now to be cut and lifted up with a cry of gladness after the custom of our forefathers; we thank Thee for these great blessings beseeching Thee thus to continue to show to us Thy loving kindness, that our land may yield us its increase in all years as heretofore, to Thy glory and our comfort, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen”.

The Crying:

The Cutter: “I have’n! I have’n! I have’n!”
The Others: “What have’ee? What have’ee? What have’ee?”

The Cutter: “A Neck! A Neck! A Neck!”
The Others: “Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah!”

 
 

In addition to meeting to observe this ceremony, and attending a Guldize feast in Penzance, Ros An Bucca also gather for our own Guldize celebration in thanks for the family’s harvest and in hope for those to come. We solemnly bury last year’s neck into the ‘furrow’. Our new neck is then uncovered, held aloft the fire and ‘cried’ before being blessed by the ways below, above, the West road, the South road and the East road (never the North).  

 
Ros An Bucca Guldize Altar
 

 

More rites of the Cornish year will be added here.
 
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